The mechanical characteristics of single-leg squat exercise with emphasis on pelvic elevation

Yasushi Kariyama; Ryohei Hayashi; Takuya Yoshida; Amane Zushi; Kodayu Zushi; Koji Zushi

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The mechanical characteristics of single-leg squat exercise with emphasis on pelvic elevation

VernacularTitle:The mechanical characteristics of single-leg squat exercise with emphasis on pelvic elevation
Author: Yasushi KARIYAMA ¹ ; Ryohei HAYASHI ² ; Takuya YOSHIDA ³ ; Amane ZUSHI ⁴ ; Kodayu ZUSHI ⁴ ; Koji ZUSHI ³
Author Information

1. Faculty of Sport Science, Yamanashi Gakuin University
2. Faculty of Education, Gifu University
3. Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba
4. Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba
Keywords: hip abductors; trunk lateral flexors; resistance training
From:Japanese Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine 2018;67(2):187-197
CountryJapan
Language:Japanese
Abstract: Movement control and muscle function for pelvic movement in the frontal plane (pelvic elevation) are important for various single-leg sports activities. We aimed to clarify mechanical characteristics of pelvic squat (P-Sq: single-leg squat exercise with emphasis on pelvic elevation, developed by our research group) compared with the double-leg squat (D-Sq) and single-leg squat (S-Sq). Twelve male track and field athletes performed D-Sq, S-Sq, and P-Sq exercises at various loads (90%, 75%, and 60% of 1-repetition maximum [1RM]), using maximum effort. Kinematic and kinetic data were calculated using data recorded with a motion capture system and force platforms. We observed the highest values with P-Sq, followed by S-Sq and D-Sq under all load conditions as follows: peak vertical ground reaction force and rate of force development (RFD), range of pelvic elevation, peak pelvic elevation velocity, peak powers associated with hip abduction torque and trunk lateral flexion torque. In P-Sq, RFD at 90% 1RM was smaller than under the other load conditions, whereas peak vertical ground reaction force at 90% 1RM was larger than under the other load conditions. There were no differences among load conditions with regard to hip abduction and trunk lateral flexion torques and powers. Therefore, characteristics of P-Sq compared to those of D-Sq and S-Sq are 1) larger and faster pelvic elevation, using related muscles (hip abductors and trunk lateral flexors) under all load conditions, 2) larger peak ground reaction force with pelvic elevation under large load conditions, and larger RFD in pelvic elevation under low load conditions.