Impact of Several Types of Stresses on Short-term Memory and Apoptosis in the Hippocampus of Rats.
- Author:
Bo Kyun KIM
1
;
Il Gyu KO
;
Sung Eun KIM
;
Chang Ju KIM
;
Jee Sang YOON
;
Hyung Hwan BAIK
;
Byung Kwan JIN
;
Choong Yeol LEE
;
Sang Bin BAEK
;
Mal Soon SHIN
Author Information
1. Department of Physiology, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. malsoon@khu.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Restrain stress;
Noise stress;
Cold stress;
Short-term memory;
Apoptosis
- MeSH:
Animals;
Apoptosis;
Blotting, Western;
Caspase 3;
Cold Temperature;
Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone;
Dentate Gyrus;
Hippocampus;
Immunohistochemistry;
Memory, Short-Term;
Noise;
Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus;
Polymethyl Methacrylate;
Rats;
Urinary Bladder, Overactive;
Urinary Tract
- From:International Neurourology Journal
2013;17(3):114-120
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
PURPOSE: Stress has a deteriorating effect on hippocampal function. It also contributes to symptom exacerbation in many disease states, including overactive bladder and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. We investigated the effects of various types of stresses (restraint, noise, and cold) on short-term memory and apoptosis in relation with corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) expression. METHODS: Rats in the restraint stress group were restrained in a transparent Plexiglas cylinder for 60 minutes twice daily. Rats in the noise stress group were exposed to the 120 dB supersonic machine sound for 60 minutes twice daily. Rats in the cold stress group were placed in a cold chamber at 4degrees C for 60 minutes twice daily. Each stress was applied for 10 days. A step-down avoidance test for short-term memory, immunohistochemistry for caspase-3 expression, and western blot analysis for Bax and Bcl-2 expressions were conducted. RESULTS: Latency time was decreased and CRF expression in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus were increased in all of the stress groups. The number of caspase-3-positive cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus was increased and the expressions of Bax and Bcl2 in the hippocampus were decreased in all of the stress groups. CONCLUSIONS: All of the stress groups experienced short-term memory impairment induced by apoptosis in the hippocampus. The present results suggest the possibility that these stresses affecting the impairment of short-term memory may also induce functional lower urinary tract disorders.
