NEUROTOXICITY OF STREPTOMYCIN (RSUM)
- VernacularTitle:链霉素对于神经结构的毒害
- Author:
Yuquan ZANG
;
Tingquan QIN
;
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- From:
Acta Anatomica Sinica
1954;0(02):-
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Thirteen adult guinea-pigs were divided into 3 groups:2 as normal controls;6 and 5 being treated with streptomycin sulphate 200 and 400mg per kilo body weight res- pectively for 21—60 days.The vestibular and auditory functions were tested.Their brains were prepared for Bielschowsky and Nissl sections.Microscopic examination re- vealed the following facts. Vascular disturbances prevail in the nervous system.The blood vessels are crumpled with concommittent perivascular edema.The adjacent nervous tissue shows ischemic softening and the nerve fibres become demyelinated. The intoxicated nerve cells are generally dehydrated and shrunken often with eccen- tricity of nuclei and chromophilic lumps.Gliosis and neurophagosis are common. The vestibular and cochlear systems of the eighth or stato-acoustic nerve exhibit intoxicative changes in the 2 groups of animals.On the peripheral as well as the central side,the degeneration of the vestibular structures supercedes that of the cochlear system. The site and nature of the intoxication are much alike in the light and heavy-dose groups,yet the latter shows a higher severity. The degenerative alterations appear simultaneously in the perpheral and central struc- tures.A question of primacy in intoxication—peripheral or central—is not existent. There is a chain of structures on the peripheral and central sides of the stato-acoustic system;their degeneration does not proceed along the conduction path,nor the degree of intoxication varies with their relative positions on the conduction scale.The peri- pheral and central units get intoxicated independently. Besides the stato-acoustic structures streptomycin afflicts other sensory(e.g.trige- minal) and motor systems,the viscero-motor in particular.Streptomycin intoxication is general in nature,yet some structures are especially sensitive to it. The relative vulnerability to streptomycin of the nervous structures is apparently conditioned by their chemical constitution. Streptomycin injuries higher brain parts which are mainly motor,especially viscero- motor.The diencephalic viscero-motor nuclei,the striate complex and the visceral cor- tex are excessively disintegrated.The extensive intoxicative manifestations have a neurological basis. The toxin of streptomycin affects the entire nervous system and hence the whole bodily mechanisms.Its medical application calls for a meticulous consideration with respect to the patient's sensitivity to the antibiotic,the size of the dose and the length of the therapeutic course.
