Immunoregulation by airway epithelial cells (AECs) against respiratory virus infection
10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2017.10.02
- VernacularTitle:呼吸道病毒与气道上皮细胞的免疫调控
- Author:
Yan YAN
1
,
2
;
519020 珠海 中山大学附属第五医院、耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科
;
ni Zhao WANG
;
yu Hai HONG
;
Sen Kai TAN
;
Hui Hsiao ONG
;
Annika LUUKKAINEN
;
TK Vincent CHOW
;
yun De WANG
Author Information
1. 119228 新加坡 新加坡国立大学杨潞龄医学院耳鼻喉-头颈外科系
2. 519020 珠海 中山大学附属第五医院、耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科
- Keywords:
airway epithelial cells;
respiratory viruses;
innate immunity;
immunological homeostasis;
inflammatory airway diseases
- From:
Medical Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army
2017;42(10):848-853
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
The respiratory tract is primary contact site of the body and environment,and it is ventilated by 10-20 thousand liters of air per day.Inevitably,the respiratory system comes into contact with airborne microbes,which contain the disease-causing pathogens.Airway epithelial cells (AECs) are known to have innate sensor functions,which are similar to the "professional" immune cells,such as alveolar macrophage and sub-or intra-epithelial dendritic cells (DCs).Thus AECs are able to detect invading microbial danger including different types of respiratory viruses,and mount a potent host response,for example,activating type Ⅰ interferon signaling pathway genes.To avoid chronic inflammation and maintain the immunological homeostasis,the pulmonary system has developed intrinsic mechanisms to control local immune responses.Most recently,the role of AECs in control of local immunity has gained much attention,as 1) AECs express the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs),such as Toll-like receptors,retinoic acid inducible gene Ⅰ (RIG-Ⅰ)-like receptor,and so on,thus AECs are equipped to Participate in innate detection of microbial encounter;2) To keep immunological homeostasis in the respiratory tract,AECs behave not only as innate immune sensors but also as immune modulators in parallel,through modulating the sensitivity of innate immune sensing of both AECs per se and sub-or intra-epithelial immune cells;3) Loss of modularity capacity of AECs might be involved in the development of chronic airway diseases.In present review,how the AECs act will be intensively discussed in response to respiratory viruses and modulate the local immunity through cis-and trans-factors (direct and indirect factors),as well as the consequence of impairment of this control of local immunity,in the development and exacerbation of airway diseases,such as acute and chronic rhinosinusitis.
