Effects of Red or Black Ginseng Extract in a Rat Model of Inflammatory Temporomandibular Joint Pain.
10.17135/jdhs.2017.17.1.65
- Author:
Hyeon Jeong LEE
1
;
Yun Kyung KIM
;
Ja Hyeong CHOI
;
Jung Hwa LEE
;
Hye Jin KIM
;
Mi Gyung SEONG
;
Min Kyung LEE
Author Information
1. Department of Biomedical Health Science, Graduate School, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Korea. lmk849@deu.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Black ginseng extract;
Red ginseng extract;
Temporomandibular joint
- MeSH:
Analgesics;
Anesthesia, Inhalation;
Animals;
Ether;
Formaldehyde;
Humans;
Jaw;
Joints;
Kidney;
Liver;
Male;
Methods;
Models, Animal*;
Muscles;
Panax*;
Rats*;
Rats, Sprague-Dawley;
Temporomandibular Joint*;
Transcription Factors;
Water
- From:
Journal of Dental Hygiene Science
2017;17(1):65-72
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:Korean
-
Abstract:
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain is characterized by persistent jaw pain associated with dysfunction and tenderness of the temporomandibular muscles and joints. The aim of this study was to investigate whether treatment with red or black ginseng extract helps in the modulation of inflammatory TMJ pain. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 220~260 g were used. The experimental group was subdivided into 4 groups based on the treatment method (n=6, each group): formalin (5%, 30 µl), formalin after distilled water (vehicle), formalin after red or black ginseng extract (per oral, single or repeated, respectively). To induce TMJ pain, 30 µl of formalin was injected into the articular cavity under ether inhalation anesthesia. The number of noxious behavioral responses of scratching the facial region proximal to the injection site was recorded for 9 successive 5-min intervals following formalin injection. Repeated treatment with red or black ginseng extract reduced the nociceptive responses in the second phase (11~45 min). Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an oxidative stress-mediated transcription factor. Both ginsengs significantly down-regulated the increased Nrf2 level compared to the vehicle group. In the test for liver and kidney functions, repeated treatment with red or black ginseng was not different compared to the vehicle group. These results indicate that red and black ginseng extract might be promising analgesic agents in the treatment of inflammatory TMJ pain.
