Major Dietary Patterns and their Associations with Socio-demographic Characteristics and Obesity among Adolescents in Petaling District, Malaysia
- Author:
J.A. Garba
;
L. Rampal
;
A.R. Hejar
;
M.S. Salmiah
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Adolescents;
Dietary Patterns;
Principal Component Factor Analysis
- MeSH:
Diet, Western
- From:Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences
2014;10(1):13-21
- CountryMalaysia
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Dietary pattern analysis has emerged as important instruments to identify modifi able dietary risk factors
for non-communicable diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the major dietary patterns among
adolescents in Petaling District, Selangor and their associations with socio-demographic characteristics
and obesity. An analytic cross- sectional study design was conducted in selected secondary schools
in Petaling District. Sampling with probability proportionate to size was used and fi ve schools were
selected. Self-administered semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used for data collection.
Weight was measured with a digital bathroom scale (TANITA model) and height was measured using
SECA body meter. Principal component factor analysis using varimax orthogonal transformation was
used to identify the dietary patterns. Chi square was used to test for associations of dietary patterns with
socio-demographic characteristics and obesity. Three major dietary patterns were identifi ed: fi rstly,
fruits and vegetables; secondly, sugar and fatand fi nally, meat and chicken which explained for 12.7%,
11.6% and 10.7% variation in food intake, respectively. There were signifi cant associations between
ethnicity, religion, family income, educational level of parents and the dietary patterns. However,
there was no signifi cant association between obesity and the dietary patterns. It may be more effective
to describe a healthy diet using results of dietary pattern analysis in public health intervention, rather
than describing single food items or nutrients. It is recommended that nutrition education programmes
should be implemented in schools so as to prevent the development of obesity in the non-obese.
- Full text:P020150604480614826871.pdf
