Synergistic effects of Persicaria odorata (Daun Kesom) leaf extracts with standard antibiotics on pathogenic bacteria
- Author:
Hairul Aini Hamzah
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Persicaria odorata leaf extracts, synergy antimicrobial activity, antibiotics.
- From:
The International Medical Journal Malaysia
2017;16(2):27-32
- CountryMalaysia
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Antibacterial activity of different types of P. odorata leaf extracts was evaluated in combination with
standard antibiotics. Persicaria. odorata leaves were extracted with n-hexane (n-hex), dichloromethane
(DCM) and methanol (MeOH). Each extract was applied on vancomycin (30μg), erythromycin (15μg) and
gentamicin (10μg) discs, respectively. Disk diffusion method was used to evaluate the synergistic activity of
each combination on Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes,
Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, and Escherichia coli. Minimum
inhibitory concentration (MIC) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis was performed on
the active extract. Synergistic effects seen were mainly from the n-hex+antibiotics combinations, mainly on
the Gram-positive bacteria (7 additive, 5 antagonistic), with MIC range from 50 μg/ml to 100 μg/ml, as well
as Gram-negative bacteria (2 additive, 2 indifferent, 5 antagonistic). In particular, synergism showed by the
combination of n-hex+van were all additive against the susceptible bacteria. DCM extract combination
showed synergistic effects on three Gram-positive species (S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. pyogenes).
Meanwhile, MeOH+antibiotics combination showed significant additive synergistic effects (p<0.05) on S.
aureus and S. epidermidis. The major compounds of leaves extract were decanal and β-citral. n-Hex
extract superiorly inhibited Gram-positive bacteria growth as compared to DCM and MeOH extracts. The
additive synergistic property of the n-hex P. odorata extract could be further studied for possible use as an
antibacterial agent.
