A 4-year retrospective study of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis
- Author:
Yap FBB
;
Wahiduzzaman M
;
Pubalan M
;
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg).
- From:Malaysian Journal of Dermatology
2008;21(-):35-39
- CountryMalaysia
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Background Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are rare bullous mucocutaneous disease usually caused by drugs. We aim to determine the demographics, causes and outcomes of patients admitted with SJS, TEN and SJS-TEN overlap
in Sarawak General Hospital.
Materials and Methods A retrospective review of cases admitted to Sarawak General Hospital with SJS, TEN and SJS-TEN overlap from January 2004 to December 2007 was undertaken. Data regarding the demographic, causes and outcomes were collected from the case folders
and subjected to descriptive statistical analysis using Microsoft Excel.
Results Twenty four cases were admitted with 54.2% having SJS, 25% having SJS-TEN Overlap and 20.8% having TEN. With the mean ages of more than 40 years, patients with SJS and SJS-TEN overlap were older than patients with TEN, with a mean age of only 25.4 years. Seventy nine percent of cases were drugs induced. Anticonvulsants were the main culprit constituting 29.2% followed by allopurinol with
20.8%. Cases with SJS had the longest incubation period with mean of 21.6 days whereas cases with TEN had the longest mean hospital stay with 12.4 days. A 12.5% mortality rate was recorded with 2 deaths in
the SJS-TEN overlap group and one death in the TEN group. All cases who were given intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) survived.
Conclusion SSJS, SJS-TEN Overlap and TEN were mainly drug
induced and have high mortality. IVIg treatment seems promising. Early recognition and optimal care in institution with dermatology service is essential in reducing morbidities and mortalities.
