Progresses in emergence delirium for pediatric anesthesia
10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4408.2017.06.010
- VernacularTitle:儿童全身麻醉苏醒期躁动研究进展
- Author:
Xiaohui ZHANG
- Keywords:
Emergence delirium;
Children;
Risk factor;
General anesthesia
- From:
International Journal of Pediatrics
2017;44(6):404-408
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Emergence delirium (ED) is a complex of perceptual disturbances and psychomotor agitation that occurs most commonly in preschool-aged children in the early postanesthetic period.Although these events are often short lived,they increase the risk of self-injury,require additional nursing staff and can increase medical care costs,all of which are causes for concern.A variety of anesthesia-,surgery-,patient-,and adjunct medication-related factors have been suggested to play a potential role in the development of such an event.The risk of ED is lowest when propofol is used as a single-agent anesthetic compared with sevoflurane-based anesthetics.Adjunctive agents can be rated in the following order of most effective to least effective interventions:dexmedetomidine,fentanyl,ketamine,clonidine.This review summarizes the factors that may predict ED and provides an intervention algorithm to guide effective prevention and treatment.
