Frequency and Clinical Characteristics of Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy in Korean Patients with Rheumatologic Diseases.
10.3346/jkms.2017.32.3.522
- Author:
Doo Ri EO
1
;
Min Gyu LEE
;
Don Il HAM
;
Se Woong KANG
;
Jaejoon LEE
;
Hoon Suk CHA
;
Eunmi KOH
;
Sang Jin KIM
Author Information
1. Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. sangjinkim@skku.edu
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Hydroxychloroquine;
Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy;
Screening
- MeSH:
Body Weight;
Humans;
Hydroxychloroquine*;
Mass Screening;
Medical Records;
Retinaldehyde;
Retrospective Studies;
Tomography, Optical Coherence;
Visual Field Tests
- From:Journal of Korean Medical Science
2017;32(3):522-527
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and clinical characteristics of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) retinopathy in Korean patients with rheumatologic diseases. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 310 patients taking HCQ. Ophthalmic examinations included spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), automated visual field test, and fundus autofluorescence. The severity of retinopathy was categorized as early, moderate, or severe, and the location was categorized as parafoveal, pericentral, or mixed pattern. Among 310 patients, 9 patients (2.9%) were diagnosed as HCQ retinopathy. Among the patients with HCQ use ≥ 5 years (n = 174), the frequency was 5.2%. Only 1 (11.1%) of the 9 patients was symptomatic. The mean daily dose per kilogram of real body weight of the 9 patients was 5.6 mg, and only 3 had used 6.5 mg or more. Four of the 9 patients had severe HCQ retinopathy. Six of the 9 patients showed pericentral or mixed pattern of retinal damage. Consequently, the frequency of HCQ retinopathy in Korean patients was not low, especially when administered at a high cumulative dose and for a long duration. Screening of HCQ retinopathy by the recommended guidelines that include SD-OCT seems useful and should be done to detect retinal damage earlier in patients with chronic exposure to HCQ.
