Role of active and passive smoking in high-risk human papillomavirus infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse.
- Author:
Rui Mei FENG
1
;
Shang Ying HU
;
Fang Hui ZHAO
;
Rong ZHANG
;
Xun ZHANG
;
Asya Izraelit WALLACH
;
You Lin QIAO
Author Information
- Publication Type:Multicenter Study ; Original Article
- Keywords: Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia; Papillomaviridae; Infection; Smoking; Tobacco Smoke Pollution; Chinese; Women
- MeSH: Asian Continental Ancestry Group; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia*; China; Cross-Sectional Studies; Family Characteristics; Female; Humans*; Logistic Models; Mass Screening; Odds Ratio; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections*; Smoke; Smoking; Tobacco; Tobacco Smoke Pollution*; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
- From:Journal of Gynecologic Oncology 2017;28(5):e47-
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
- Abstract: OBJECTIVE: We performed a pooled analysis to examine cigarette smoking and household passive smoke exposure in relation to the risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2+ (CIN2+). METHODS: Data were pooled from 12 cross-sectional studies for cervical cancer screenings from 10 provinces of China in 1999–2007. A total of 16,422 women were analyzed, along with 2,392 high-risk-HPV (hr-HPV) positive women and 381 CIN2+ cases. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression models controlling for sexual and non-sexual confounding factors. RESULTS: There was an excess risk between active smoking and hr-HPV infection and CIN2+. Adjusted OR for ever smokers vs. never smokers was 1.45 (95% CI=1.10–1.91), for hr-HPV infection and 1.89 (95% CI=1.03–3.44), for CIN2+. Passive smoking had a slightly increased risk on the hr-HPV infection with adjusted OR 1.11 (1.00–1.24), but no statistical association was observed between passive smoke exposure and CIN2+. Compared with the neither active nor passive smokers, both active and passive smokers had a 1.57-fold (95% CI=1.14–2.15) increased risk of HPV infection and a 1.99-fold (95% CI=1.02–3.88) risk of CIN2+. CONCLUSION: Our large multi-center cross-sectional study found active smoking could increase the risk of overall hr-HPV infection and CIN2+ adjusted by passive smoking and other factors. Passive smoking mildly increased the risk of HPV infection but not the CIN2+. An interaction existed between passive tobacco exposure and active smoking for hr-HPV infection and the CIN2+.
