DISTRIBUTION OF THIAMIN, RIBOFLAVIN, NICOTINIC ACID, TOTAL NITROGEN AND XYLOSE IN KAOLIANG(Andropogon sorghum Brot. var.)KERNEL
- VernacularTitle:高粱粒中硫胺素、核黄素、尼克酸、总氮和木糖的分布
- Author:
Kwangchi YANG
;
Wenchuan HU
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- From:
Acta Nutrimenta Sinica
1956;0(01):-
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
The pericarp (1), aleurone layer (2), scutellum (3) (including the epiblast), embryo (4) (including radicle and plumule), and the outer (5) and inner (6) endosperm of two samples of kaoliang grain were separated by dissection. The ratio of the weight between the outer and the inner portions of endosperm is about 1:2.4. The contents of thiamin, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, total protein and xylose and the weight were determined separately for each part as well as for the whole grain.The results of analysis are given in Table 1 and the percentage distribution of the weight and the content of different nutrients of the whole grain in each part are shown in Table 2.More than 90％ of thiamin is present in scutellum and embryo, although the sum of their weights represents only about 10％ of the whole grain. The amount of this vitamin in the endosperm, the main portion of the polished grain, is only about 3％. Similar to the results obtained from other grains, the content of vitamin B_1 in the outer portion of the endosperm is higher than that in the inner part.The riboflavin content in the endosperm is about one fifth to one eighth of the other parts of the grain; owing to the high proportion of its weight, the percentage of riboflavin in the whole grain present in endosperm is about 30％. Thus the distribution of this vitamin is comparatively more even than that of thiamin and nicotinic acid.Nicotinic acid is largely concentrated in the aleurone layer. It is interesting to note that the content of this vitamin in the two samples of kaoliang is not the same, sample Ⅱ containing only about 70％ of that in sample Ⅰ. This difference can be almost entirely attributed to the difference in the quantity present in the aleurone layer. The content of nicotinic acid in other parts of the grain is similar in both samples tested.The total nitrogen content in the embryo is much higher than that in other parts of the grain. The amount present in the inner part of the endosperm is considerably lower than that in the outer part.Xylose is largely concentrated in the pericarp and the aleurone layer, which together represent about 70％ of the xylose content in the whole grain.
