Blood Lead and Blood Cadmium Levels of Chinese Non-smoking Women During 1981～1998 in China
- VernacularTitle:1981～1998年我国女性成人血中铅镉水平变化
- Author:
Xingquan ZHENG
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Lead;
Cadmium;
Blood;
Women
- From:
Journal of Environment and Health
1989;0(06):-
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Objective To realize the changes of blood lead(PbB)levels and blood cadmium(CdB)levels and the status of exposure to lead and cadmium in provincial capitals and counties. Methods A survey was carried out in the period of 1981～1998.The target population was non_smoking middle school women teacher and women workers of service trade.The target was selected by a proportionate two stage cluster random sampling method from each city.Venous blood samples were collected and questionnaries about the smoking habits,dietary habits,alcohol consumption,residence conditions and kinds of fuel used at home were completed.The quality assurance procedure of the pilot biological monitoring program taken by WHO/UNEP were strictly adopted in this national biological monitoring program.Results It indicated that PbB levels of nonsmoker women did not change notably in 1981～1998,but it increased markedly since 1988.The geometric mean of PbB increased from 60 ?g/L in 1988 to 78 ?g/L in the period of 1998.The geometric mean of CdB fluctuated between(0.81?0.08)?g/L. Conclusion As compared with foreign countries,PbB in China was low in the early days of the eighties,but in the nineties was moderately high.The change of CdB was not significantly in the period of 1981～1998.As compared with foreign countries,CdB in China is moderately high both in the early days of the eighties and now.
