High Sodium Intake in Women with Metabolic Syndrome.
- Author:
Moo Yong RHEE
1
;
Ji Hyun KIM
;
Yong Seok KIM
;
Jin Wook CHUNG
;
Jun Ho BAE
;
Deuk Young NAH
;
Young Kwon KIM
;
Myoung Mook LEE
;
Chi Yeon LIM
;
Jae Eon BYUN
;
Hye Kyung PARK
;
Baeg Won KANG
;
Jong Wook KIM
;
Sun Woong KIM
Author Information
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords: Sodium, dietary; Metabolic syndrome; Hypertension
- MeSH: Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Education; Female; Hematologic Tests; Humans; Hypertension; Sodium*; Sodium, Dietary; Urine Specimen Collection
- From:Korean Circulation Journal 2014;44(1):30-36
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
- Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Metabolic syndrome and high sodium intake are associated with frequent cardiovascular events. Few studies have estimated sodium intake in subjects with metabolic syndrome by 24-hour urine sodium excretion. We evaluated sodium intake in individuals with metabolic syndrome. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Participants were recruited by random selection and through advertisement. Twenty four-hour urine collection, ambulatory blood pressure measurements, and blood test were performed. Sodium intake was estimated by 24-hour urine sodium excretion. Participants receiving antihypertensive medications were excluded from analysis. RESULTS: Among the 463 participants recruited, subjects with metabolic syndrome had higher levels of 24-hour urine sodium excretion than subjects without metabolic syndrome (p=0.0001). There was a significant relationship between the number of metabolic syndrome factors and 24-hour urine sodium excretion (p=0.001). The proportion of subjects with metabolic syndrome was increased across the tertile groups of 24-hour urine sodium excretion (p<0.0001). The association of high sodium intake and metabolic syndrome was significant only among women. Among the factors related to metabolic syndrome, body mass index had an independent association with 24-hour urine sodium excretion (p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: Women with metabolic syndrome exhibited significantly higher sodium intake, suggesting that dietary education to reduce sodium consumption should be emphasized for women with metabolic syndrome.
