Environmental and Familial Risk Factors of Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.
10.4306/jknpa.2013.52.4.243
- Author:
Hyun Jung PARK
1
;
Joon Ho PARK
;
Kyeong Sae NA
;
Hyo Kyung JUNG
;
Han Yong JUNG
;
Shin Gyeom KIM
;
Soyoung Irene LEE
Author Information
1. Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea. irenelee@medimail.co.kr
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
ADHD;
Risk factors;
Environmental;
Familial
- MeSH:
Adolescent;
Aged;
Appointments and Schedules;
Child;
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders;
Humans;
Logistic Models;
Mood Disorders;
Pregnancy;
Pregnancy, Unplanned;
Surveys and Questionnaires;
Risk Factors;
Schizophrenia
- From:Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association
2013;52(4):243-252
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:Korean
-
Abstract:
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to analyze the environmental and familial variables associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents. METHODS: Children and adolescents aged 6-18 with in attention, hyperactivity, or impulsivity who visited the Department of Psychiatry at Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital from April 2006 to April 2012, were interviewed for diagnosis of ADHD. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition symptom criteria for ADHD were assessed using a semi-structured interview, the schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children present and lifetime version (K-SADS-PL). Environmental and familial variables were obtained using questionnaires for parents. RESULTS: In total, 262 children and adolescents with ADHD (n=139) and control subjects (n=123) were recruited. In a multivariate logistic regression model, results of this study showed that maternal psychiatric problem during pregnancy, dystoia, forceps/vacuum use during delivery, and unplanned pregnancy were risk factors for ADHD. CONCLUSION: Findings of this study showed an association of some prenatal factors (such as unplanned pregnancy or maternal psychiatric problem during pregnancy) and some perinatal factors (dystocia and forceps/vacuum use during delivery) with increased risk of ADHD. The identified risk factors are environmental, and therefore potentially preventable. Conduct of further prospective studies is needed in order to clarify the potential role of these risk factors for ADHD.
