The role of mitochondrial DNA in the regulation of innate immune responses

VernacularTitle:线粒体DNA在固有免疫调节中的研究进展
Author: Qiongyuan HU
Keywords: Mitochondrial DNA; Signaling pathway; Innate immune responses
From: Journal of Medical Postgraduates 2017;30(4):432-435
CountryChina
Language:Chinese
Abstract: Mitochondria is the main production site of oxidative phosphorylation and ATP, and it is famous as energy factory of the cell.In addition, mitochondria also participates in the process of cellular proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, and signal transduction.Recent studies have revealed that pathophysiological functions of mitochondria beyond traditional energetic metabolism in cells.Mitochondria-released DAMPs, particularly mtDNA, could activate innate immune responses by involving TLR9, NLRP3 and cGAS-STING signaling pathways.In addition to facilitating antibacterial immunity and regulating antiviral signaling, mounting evidences suggest that mtDNA contributes to inflammatory diseases following cellular damage and apoptosis.In addition to its well-appreciated roles in cellular metabolism and ATP production, mtDNA appears to function as a key member in the innate immune system.Therefore, we highlight the emerging roles of mtDNA in innate immunity.