The work-in-progress in biological cancer therapy
10.16571/j.cnki.1008-8199.2016.09.001
- VernacularTitle:肿瘤生物治疗进展
- Author:
Jiwu WEI
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Tumor;
Oncolytic virus;
Immunotherapy;
Autophagy;
Tumor metabolism;
Immune stimulating small interfering RNA;
Single-walled carbon nanotubes;
Photoacoustic effect
- From:
Journal of Medical Postgraduates
2016;29(9):897-901
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Novel and efficient therapeutic modalities are urgently needed for cancer patients .We focused on biological therapies including oncolytic virotherapy and immune therapy against cancer .In the study of oncolytic virotherapy , we have identified the crosstalk between virus-induced mitophagy and retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors signaling.Importantly, we find that cell necrosis rather than apoptosis ( as supposed by previous studies ) contributes dominantly to oncolysis of measles virus Edmon-strain in cancer.Furthermore, we have clarified the role of mitophagy in switching cell death from apoptosis to necrosis .These novel findings are important for further improvement of oncolyticvirotherapy .5′-Triphosphate RNA ( ppp-RNA) is a specific ligand of the pat-tern recognition receptor retinoic acid-inducible gene I ( RIG-I) .By combining immune activation and specific gene silencing , we have designed three anticancer ppp-siRNAs targeting TGF-β1 , GLS1 and VEGF , respectively , and we find that these ppp-siRNAs possess potent antitumor efficacies both in vitro and in vivo .In addition , we have also utilized nanomaterials to treat cancers .Next, we want and try to block the immune escape of cancer by targeting immune checkpoints .
