Allergic Rhinitis in Preschool Children and the Clinical Utility of FeNO.
10.4168/aair.2017.9.4.314
- Author:
Jisun YOON
1
;
Yean Jung CHOI
;
Eun LEE
;
Hyun Ju CHO
;
Song I YANG
;
Young Ho KIM
;
Young Ho JUNG
;
Ju Hee SEO
;
Ji Won KWON
;
Hyo Bin KIM
;
So Yeon LEE
;
Bong Seong KIM
;
Jung Yeon SHIM
;
Eun Jin KIM
;
Joo Shil LEE
;
Soo Jong HONG
Author Information
1. Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Research Center for the Standardization of Allergic Diseases, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. sjhong@amc.seoul.kr
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Rhinitis;
allergic;
children;
preschool;
prevalence;
risk factor;
nitric oxide
- MeSH:
Anti-Bacterial Agents;
Child;
Child, Preschool*;
Cross-Sectional Studies;
Fungi;
Humans;
Korea;
Nitric Oxide;
Odds Ratio;
Prevalence;
Rhinitis;
Rhinitis, Allergic*;
Risk Factors;
Siblings
- From:Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
2017;9(4):314-321
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
PURPOSE: The nature of allergic rhinitis (AR) in preschool aged children remains incompletely characterized. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of AR and its associated risk factors in preschool-aged children and to assess the clinical utility of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). METHODS: This general population-based, cross-sectional survey included 933 preschool-aged (3- to 7-year-old) children from Korea. Current AR was defined as having nasal symptoms within the last 12 months and physician-diagnosed AR. RESULTS: The prevalence of current AR in preschool children was 17.0% (156/919). Mold exposure (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15-2.43) and the use of antibiotics (aOR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.33-2.90) during infancy were associated with an increased risk of current AR, whereas having an older sibling (aOR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.35-0.75) reduced the risk. Children with current atopic AR had significantly higher geometric mean levels of FeNO compared to those with non-atopic rhinitis (12.43; range of 1standard deviation [SD], 7.31-21.14 vs 8.25; range of 1SD, 5.62-12.10, P=0.001) or non-atopic healthy children (8.58; range of 1SD, 5.51-13.38, P<0.001). The FeNO levels were higher in children with current atopic AR compared with atopic healthy children (9.78; range of 1SD, 5.97-16.02, P=0.083). CONCLUSIONS: Mold exposure and use of antibiotics during infancy increases the risk of current AR, whereas having an older sibling reduces it. Children with current atopic AR exhibit higher levels of FeNO compared with non-atopic rhinitis cases, suggesting that FeNO levels may be a useful discriminatory marker for subtypes of AR in preschool children.
