Molecular signaling pathways in embryonic development of the parathyroid gland and the hypoparathyroidism

VernacularTitle:甲状旁腺胚胎期发育的分子信号通路与甲状旁腺功能减退疾病
Author: Ping LING ; Hui LU ; He JIANG ; Xue CAO ; Weiying ZOU
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: Parathyroid gland; Embryonic development; Molecular signaling pathways; Stem cell differentiation; Hypoparathyroidism
From: Chinese Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 2015;31(10):917-920
CountryChina
Language:Chinese
Abstract: Hoxa3-Pax1/Pax9-Eya1-Six1/4 regulatory pathway seems to be operating during forming the bilateral parathyroid/thymus common primordial in early embryonic development.The specification of the parathyroid domain in the parathyroid/thymus primordial is regulated through a Shh-Tbx1-Gcm2 pathway.Gcm2 also may play roles in later steps of parathyroid development,including CaSR and PTH gene expression.MafB and Gcm2 interact with each other and synergistically activate PTH transcription.Genetic basis and the etiology of some hypoparathyroid disorders in man are involved defects in transcription factors that include GCMB,GATA3,Tbxl,SOX3 and GNA11.This marker expression in thymus and parathyroid primordium includes HoxA3,Pax1,Eya1,and Six1;and expression of parathyroid cell-like cells includes Gcm2,CaSR,and PTH.These expressions may serve as markers of stem cell differentiation into parathyroid cell-like cells.