Neurorestoration Induced by Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Potential Therapeutic Mechanisms for Clinical Trials.
10.3349/ymj.2012.53.6.1059
- Author:
Jung Hwa SEO
1
;
Sung Rae CHO
Author Information
1. Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. srcho918@yuhs.ac
- Publication Type:Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Keywords:
Mesenchymal stem cells;
paracrine effect;
cell-based therapy
- MeSH:
Cell Differentiation/physiology;
Clinical Trials as Topic;
Humans;
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation;
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/*cytology/physiology;
Models, Biological;
Nervous System Diseases/metabolism/*therapy;
Neurogenesis/physiology;
Tissue Therapy/methods
- From:Yonsei Medical Journal
2012;53(6):1059-1067
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Stem cells are emerging as therapeutic candidates in a variety of diseases because of their multipotent capacities. Among these, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow, umbilical cord blood or adipose tissue, comprise a population of cells that exhibit extensive proliferative potential and retain the ability to differentiate into multiple tissue-specific lineage cells including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. MSCs have also been shown to enhance neurological recovery, although the therapeutic effects seem to be derived from an indirect paracrine effect rather than direct cell replacement. MSCs secrete neurotrophic factors, promote endogenous neurogenesis and angiogenesis, encourage synaptic connection and remyelination of damaged axons, decrease apoptosis, and regulate inflammation primarily through paracrine actions. Accordingly, MSCs may prevail as a promising cell source for cell-based therapy in neurological diseases.
