Perioperative complications following total kneel replacement in the elderly
- VernacularTitle:高龄膝关节表面置换围手术期并发症
- Author:
Hui GAO
;
Houshan Lü
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- From:
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research
2008;12(30):5997-6000
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: Critical organ hypofunction and complications are common in elderly patients, so perioperative treatment becomes important for the success of total knee replacement (TKR).OBJECTIVE: To explore clinical perioperative complications of TKR in the patients over 70 years old. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Retrospective analysis of case data was performed at First Hospital of Gannan Medical University and People's Hospital of Peking University from January to December 2002.PARTICIPANTS: 109 patients (168 knees), including 29 males and 80 females, underwent TKR. Of them, 50 underwent single knee surgery, aged (74.2±15.1) years (range 70-85 years), and 59 underwent bilateral knee surgery, aged (73.4±13.2) years (range 70-85 years). In addition, 92 cases (84.4%) were obesity, and 88 were complicated by internal diseases. METHODS: The surgery was performed by the same operator. All patients underwent patellar replacement with Scorpio posterior stable knee prosthesis. Knee anterior median incision and medial patellar approach was applied, and anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments were excised during the surgery, osteophyma and corpus liberum of posterior articular capsule were cleared. Patellofemoral joint track was tested until meeting the requirements. The prosthesis was fixed using antibiotics mixed with bone cement, and the incision was sutured at flexed position.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Early complications following replacement; knee joint and functional evaluation.RESULTS: During surgery and 24 hours after replacement, 8 cases developed hypertension, 7 cases hypotension, and 6 cases arrhythmia. All patients safely passed the perioperative period under treatment of related departments. One case developed pulmonary embolism, 1 case deep infection, 3 cases pulmonary infection, 5 cases urinary system infection, 1 case rapid reduction of platelet caused by Subining, 1 case cognitive disturbance, and 1 case dislocation of knee joint (Charcot arthritis). According to standards of HSS, the knee joint scores were significantly improved from 26.1 prior to replacement to 82.0 at discharge, and function scores were significantly improved from 32.1 prior to replacement to 89.1 at discharge. During 12.4-month follow-up (range 3-22 months), 18 cases lost the follow up; the retention rate was 83.5%. Of 91 retention patients, knee pain disappeared or relieved, restored self-care ability, and no prosthesis loosening or infection was found. At the final follow up, the HSS knee joint scores were significantly improved from 82.0 at discharge to 85.4, and function scores were improved from 89.1 at discharge to 92.3 at discharge.CONCLUSION: Skilled operative technique and positive treatment of complication can effectively prevent perioperative infection, dislocation and other complications following total knee replacement.
