Purpose and method: The aim of this study was to explore the child-care and housework difficulties experienced by fathers during their wife’s cancer treatment. 7 men who had 0 to 15-year-old children when their wife was diagnosed with cancer were interviewed using a semi-structured interview format. Main results: Subjects’ report of their difficulties was assessed using the following 3 categories: 1) burden of housework 2) stress from life together with the in-laws 3) contact with schools and nurseries. The influence of background factors was considered: a) experience of housework in the family prior to his wife’s illness; b) experience of living with in-laws; c) degree of cooperation with their parents; d) degree of trust in their relationship with their in-laws; e) child’s/children’s age; f) availability of childcare resources; and g) assistance prepared by their wife. Providing information on child care and housework support or opportunities for exchanging information with other husbands in similar situations can be considered valid forms of assistance for fathers whose background factors may predispose them to a greater degree of hardship in child care and housework during their wife’s illness.