Protective Effects of a Water-Soluble Extract from Culture Medium of Ganoderma lucidum Mycelia against Neuronal Damage after Hypoxia-Ischemia in Mice
10.1625/jcam.5.153
- VernacularTitle:マウス低酸素脳虚血障害に対する霊芝菌糸体培養培地抽出物の保護効果
- Author:
Mari OKAZAKI
;
Naohiro IWATA
;
Shigenori HORIUCHI
;
Shinya KAMIUCHI
;
Fumiko SUZUKI
;
Hiroshi IIZUKA
;
Yasuhide HIBINO
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
Neuroprotection;
Water-soluble extract of Ganoderma lucidum mycelia (WER);
Ischemia;
Oxidative-stress;
Apoptosis
- From:Japanese Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medicine
2008;5(2):153-162
- CountryJapan
- Language:Japanese
-
Abstract:
Objective: In this study, the neuroprotective effects of a water-soluble extract from culture medium of Ganoderma lucidum mycelia (WER) on oxidative stress-induced injury were examined using H2O2-treated PC12 cells. Additionally, we investigated both the acute and chronic effects of WER on brain necrosis and apoptosis induced by hypoxia/ischemia (H/I) followed by reoxygenation in mice.
Methods: Viability and apoptosis index of H2O2-treated PC12 cells were determined by 3,4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl (MTT) assay and TUNEL staining, respectively. H/I in mice was induced by unilateral ligation of carotid artery and exposure of 8%O2 for 30 min. Twenty-four hours after H/I, neurological deficits, cerebral infarction volume, and apoptosis level were evaluated.
Results: WER–pretreated PC12 cells showed an increased viability evaluated by MTT assay compared to untreated cells. TUNEL staining indicated that WER induced a concentration-dependent decrease of the number of apoptotic cells. In the mouse model of H/I, acute (pre-H/I) treatment of WER (1 g/kg, p.o.) did not affect neurological deficits, total plasma oxidative stress, cerebral lipid peroxidation, and infarction volume assessed 24-h after reoxygenation. However, chronic treatment of WER (1 g/kg, p.o., for 7 days) significantly improved these parameters compared with distilled water-treated mice. Moreover, chronic treatment of WER decreased the levels of apoptosis in two brain areas, the sensori-motor cortex and the CA1 of the hippocampus, analyzed by TUNEL and cleaved caspase-3 immunostaining.
Conclusion: These results show that daily intake of WER relieves the cerebral ischemic injury, which may be attributed to decrease of oxidative stress.
