Cancer Chemoprevention by Food Components: Colon Cancer Chemoprevention by Seed Oils Rich in Conjugated Linolenic Acid
10.1625/jcam.2.91
- VernacularTitle:食品成分によるがん予防：共役リノレン酸含有植物種子油による大腸発がん抑制
- Author:
Takuji TANAKA
;
Rikako SUZUKI
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- Keywords:
cancer chemoprevention;
conjugated linolenic acid;
bitter melon and pomegranate seed oils;
colon carcinogenesis;
PPARγ
- From:Japanese Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medicine
2005;2(2):91-100
- CountryJapan
- Language:Japanese
-
Abstract:
Cancer chemoprevention utilizing food components is attracted because of its easily availability in humans. Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) (BMO) and pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) (PGO) seed oils contain a large amount of conjugated linolenic acid (CLN). In the first we demonstrated that BMO inhibits the development of azoxymethane (AOM)-induced putative precursor lesions for colonic adenocarcinoma in rats. Subsequently, we investigated the modifying effects of dietary administration of BMO or PGO on the development of colonic neoplasms using an animal colon carcinogenesis model initiated with a colon carcinogen AOM. Male F344 rats were given two weekly subcutaneous injections of AOM (20 mg/kg body weight) to induce colonic neoplasms. They were fed with the diets containing 0.01%, 0.1% and 1% BMO or PGO during the entire experimental period (for 32 weeks), starting one week before the first dosing of AOM. At the end of the study, the incidence and multiplicity of colonic adenocarcinoma were reduced in the "AOM+BMO" and "AOM+PGO" groups, when compared with the "gAOM alone" group. The contents of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA: 9c,11t-18:2) in the liver and colonic mucosa of rats fed BMO or PGO were elevated in a dose-dependent manner. Also, dietary BMO or PGO enhanced expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ protein in the colonic mucosa. These findings may suggest that BMO or PGO rich in CLN can suppress AOM-induced colon carcinogenesis through the modification of lipid composition in the colon and liver and/or increased expression of PPARγ protein level in the colon mucosa. Our results might provide scientific evidence of an effective dietary chemopreventive approach using BMO and PGO seed oils rich in CLN to cancer chemoprevention, especially colon cancer development.
