OBJECTIVETo precisely visualize cardiac anatomic structures and simultaneously depict electro-mechanical events for the purpose of precise underblood intervention.

METHODSIntracardiac high-resolution tissue Doppler imaging was used to map real time myocardial contractions in response to electrical activation within the anatomic structure of the cardiac conductive system using a canine open-chest model.

RESULTSThe detailed inner anatomic structure of the cardiac conductive system at different sites (i.e., sino-atrial, atrial wall, atrial-ventricular node and ventricular wall) with the inside onset and propagation of myocardial velocity and acceleration induced by electrical activation was clearly visualized and quantitatively evaluated.

CONCLUSIONThe simultaneous single modality visualization of the anatomy, function and electrical events of the cardiac conductive system will foster target pacing and precision ablation.