Association of dietary habits with gestational diabetes mellitus among Cantonese women.
- Author:
Qing LI
1
;
Xiaoming WU
;
Shunyu YANG
;
Min XIE
;
Linna SHI
Author Information
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- MeSH: China; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes, Gestational; epidemiology; Diet; Female; Glucose Tolerance Test; Glycemic Index; Humans; Pregnancy; Surveys and Questionnaires
- From: Journal of Southern Medical University 2015;35(5):772-776
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
OBJECTIVETo evaluate the relationship between dietary habits and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Cantonese women.
METHDSThis a cross-sectional study included 571 pregnant women who underwent a 75-g oral glucose challenge test at the 24th to 28th gestational week. Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used by three dieticians to evaluate all the subjects' dietary habits.
RESULTS13% of the investigated subjects were identified to have GDM (GDM⁺). No significant differences were found between the GDM⁺ and GDM⁻ groups in the intake of energy, macronutrients, fibers, or cholesterol. The amount of low- and middle-GI fruits consumed daily in the two groups was not statistically different, but the GDM⁺ subjects reported a significantly greater amount of high-GI fruit intake as well as energy-dense foods than the GDM⁻ subjects (P<0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that increased consumption of energy-dense snack foods and high glycemic-index fruits were strongly associated with the risk of GDM.
CONCLUSIONLocal dietary composition (high-GI fruit and energy-dense foods) is closely related to the risk of GDM in Cantonese women, for whom intensive health education of dietary behavior is needed to control GDM.