OBJECTIVETo explore the possible factors causing the increase of rabies cases and to provide references for the development of related prevention and control strategy in Hunan.

METHODSData was collected and analyzed on epidemic situation of rabies in the past ten years, and studies were carried in some counties.

RESULTSFrom 1994 to 1999, the annual cases sustained between 17 and 78. However, the number of cases has continued to increase since 2000. The annual reported cases in 2001 and 2002 were 311 and 313, and accounted for 34.8% and 30.0% of the total cases in the whole country respectively. The epidemic areas were mainly located in the south and middle parts of Hunan. Furthermore, the epidemic areas had been expanding. In 1997, human rabies cases were only reported in 7 cities but increased to 12 cities in 2004.

CONCLUSIONFactors as increasing number but low inoculating rate to dogs, and incorrect treatment on the wounds etc. might have served important roles for the recurrence of rabies. Hence, it is necessary to take comprehensive preventive measures to control and prevent the epidemics of rabies in Hunan.