OBJECTIVETo obtain the incidence rate of injury in primary and middle school students in China, so as to provide basic information for the development of prevention and control strategy.

METHODSSystematic review was applied to summarize the published data. After strict inclusion and exclusion, 42 eligible articles were included for analysis.

RESULTSA total number of 259 994 subjects was studied with 79 995 persons, 127 978 person-time involved in different kinds of injuries with the total incidence rate of 30.77% by person and 49.22% by person-time, respectively. The incidence rates of injury were not statistically significant between primary and middle schools (t = -1.752, P = 0.110) or at different places (F = 1.890, P = 0.120). However, significant differences were found between boys and girls (t = 5.998, P = 0.000). The top three injuries were caused by fall, hurt during sports activities and transportation vehicles.

CONCLUSIONResults from the systematic review indicated that the majority of injuries were fall, hurt during sports activities and transportation vehicles among primary and middle school students in China. In order to reduce the incidence of injury, health education and improvement of environment should be particularly strengthened in the future. Injury; Incidence rate; Primary and middle school students in China. In order to reduce the incidence of injury, health education and improvement of environment should be particularly strengthened in the future.