A Meta Analysis on the Effects of Exercise on Bone Mineral Density among Middle-aged and Older Women.
- Author:
Ji Soo YOO
1
;
Jee Won PARK
;
Suk Jeong LEE
Author Information
1. College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Korea.
- Publication Type:Meta-Analysis ; Original Article
- Keywords:
Meta-analysis;
Exercise;
Osteoporosis;
Middle aged;
Women
- MeSH:
Bone Density*;
Female;
Femur;
Femur Neck;
Humans;
Middle Aged;
Osteoporosis;
Population Characteristics;
Research Personnel;
Spine;
Weight-Bearing
- From:Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing
2009;20(3):285-295
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:Korean
-
Abstract:
PURPOSE: This study was to examine the effectiveness of exercise for bone mineral density (BMD). METHODS: Four investigators reviewed English articles from Pub Med and CINAHL, selecting randomized controlled trials on exercise programs for middle-aged and older women. Out of 25 studies identified, 14 that satisfied with the inclusion criteria were included in the meta-analysis. The quality of the studies was assessed using recognized methods and the effect size was calculated as a Hedges' g using Comprehensive Meta-analysis Version 2.0. Primary outcomes were changes in BMD at femoral neck, trochanter, and lumbar spine. Subgroup analysis included changes in BMD according to exercise style. RESULTS: Weight bearing exercise was effective (Q = 20.1, p > .05, ES = 0.32), and resistance exercise was effective in case of comparing to pre and post intervention (Q = 4.15, p = .98, ES = 0.14). At the femoral neck, 9 study groups were homogeneous and the experimental groups demonstrated a positive effect on BMD (Q = 19.5, p > .05, ES = 0.33). In contrast, marked heterogeneity (Q = 33.3, p < 0.01) was apparent in 7 study groups evaluating trochanter. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that weight bearing is effective for BMD of the femoral neck, and is relevant to the non-pharmacological treatment of bone loss for middle-aged and older women.
