Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells: a better cell source for nervous system regeneration.

Chao Han; Liang Zhang; Lin Song; Yang Liu; Wei Zou; Hua Piao; Jing Liu

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Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells: a better cell source for nervous system regeneration.

Author: Chao HAN ¹ ; Liang ZHANG ² ; Lin SONG ³ ; Yang LIU ¹ ; Wei ZOU ⁴ ; Hua PIAO ⁵ ; Jing LIU ³ ;
Author Information

1. Regenerative Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China.
2. Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
3. Regenerative Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China
4. College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, China.
5. College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116027, China.
Publication Type:Journal Article
MeSH: Adipose Tissue; cytology; Adult; Bone Marrow Cells; cytology; Cell Differentiation; physiology; Cells, Cultured; Humans; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells; cytology; Middle Aged; Nerve Regeneration; physiology; Neurons; cytology; Young Adult
From: Chinese Medical Journal 2014;127(2):329-337
CountryChina
Language:English
Abstract:
BACKGROUNDIn order to suggest an ideal source of adult stem cells for the treatment of nervous system diseases, MSCs from human adipose tissue and bone marrow were isolated and studied to explore the differences with regard to cell morphology, surface markers, neuronal differentiation capacity, especially the synapse structure formation and the secretion of neurotrophic factors.
METHODSThe neuronal differentiation capacity of human mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue (hADSCs) and bone marrow (hBMSCs) was determined based on nissl body and synapse structure formation, and neural factor secretion function. hADSCs and hBMSCs were isolated and differentiated into neuron-like cells with rat brain-conditioned medium, a potentially rich source of neuronal differentiation promoting signals. Specific neuronal proteins and neural factors were detected by immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis, respectively.
RESULTSFlow cytometric analysis showed that both cell types had similar phenotypes. Cell growth curves showed that hADSCs proliferated more quickly than hBMSCs. Both kinds of cells were capable of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. The morphology of hADSCs and hBMSCs changed during neuronal differentiation and displayed neuron-like cell appearance after 14 days' differentiation. Both hADSCs and hBMSCs were able to differentiate into neuron-like cells based on their production of neuron specific proteins including β-tubulin-III, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), nissl bodies, and their ability to secrete brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF). Assessment of synaptop hysin and growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) suggested synapse structure formation in differentiated hADSCs and hBMSCs.
CONCLUSIONSOur results demonstrate that hADSCs have neuronal differentiation potential similar to hBMSC, but with a higher proliferation capacity than hBMSC. Adipose tissue is abundant, easily available and would be a potential ideal source of adult stem cells for neural-related clinical research and application.