Does Periconceptional Fish Consumption by Parents Affect the Incidence of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intelligence Deficiency? A Case-control Study in Tianjin, China.

Lei Gao; Shan Shan Cui; Yu Han; Wei Dai; Yuan Yuan SU; Xin Zhang

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Does Periconceptional Fish Consumption by Parents Affect the Incidence of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intelligence Deficiency? A Case-control Study in Tianjin, China.

Author: Lei GAO ¹ ; Shan Shan CUI ² ; Yu HAN ¹ ; Wei DAI ¹ ; Yuan Yuan SU ¹ ; Xin ZHANG ¹
Author Information

1. Dept. Maternal, Child & Adolescence Health of School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
2. Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: Autism spectrum disorder; Intelligence deficiency; Parental fish consumption; Periconception
MeSH: Adolescent; Animals; Autism Spectrum Disorder; epidemiology; etiology; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child, Preschool; China; epidemiology; Diet; adverse effects; Environmental Exposure; Female; Fishes; Humans; Incidence; Intellectual Disability; epidemiology; etiology; Male; Maternal Exposure; Paternal Exposure; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; epidemiology; etiology; Risk Factors; Species Specificity
From: Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2016;29(12):885-892
CountryChina
Language:English
Abstract:
OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to explore the association between periconceptional fish consumption by parents and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intelligence deficiency (ID).
METHODSA case-control study was conducted through a questionnaire with 108 ASD cases, 79 ID cases, and 108 controls. The ASD and ID cases were students from special educational schools in Tianjin from 2012 to 2014. The age- and sex-matched controls were from a high school, three primary schools, and a kindergarten in Tianjin. Multivariate logistic regression was performed.
RESULTSPaternal habit of eating hairtail before fertilization, maternal preference for fruits during pregnancy, and maternal habit of eating grass carp during pregnancy were preventive factors for ASD. Paternal habit of drinking alcohol before fertilization was a risk factor for ID, whereas maternal preference for fruits during pregnancy and maternal habit of eating crucian carp during pregnancy were protective factors for ID.
CONCLUSIONParental fish consumption is beneficial for the prevention of ASD and ID. Meanwhile, the protective effects of fish consumption on ASD and ID differ. More attention should be paid to the combined effect of other food when eating fish.