Pulmonary Toxicity in Rats Caused by Exposure to Intratracheal Instillation of SiO2 Nanoparticles.

Hong Yang; Qiu Yun WU; Ming Yue LI; Can Shan Lao; Ying Jian Zhang

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Pulmonary Toxicity in Rats Caused by Exposure to Intratracheal Instillation of SiO2 Nanoparticles.

Author: Hong YANG ^{1
,

2} ; Qiu Yun WU ¹ ; Ming Yue LI ¹ ; Can Shan LAO ¹ ; Ying Jian ZHANG ¹ ;
Author Information

1. Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education
2. School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: Collagen synthesis; Cytokines; Lipid peroxidation; Pulmonary toxicity; Silica (SiO2) nanoparticles
MeSH: Air Pollutants; toxicity; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Lung; drug effects; pathology; ultrastructure; Male; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Nanoparticles; toxicity; Pulmonary Fibrosis; chemically induced; metabolism; pathology; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Silicon Dioxide; toxicity; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; Urine; chemistry
From: Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2017;30(4):264-279
CountryChina
Language:English
Abstract:
OBJECTIVEThe effect of the silica nanoparticles (SNs) on lungs injury in rats was investigated to evaluate the toxicity and possible mechanisms for SNs.
METHODSMale Wistar rats were instilled intratracheally with 1 mL of saline containing 6.25, 12.5, and 25.0 mg of SNs or 25.0 mg of microscale SiO2 particles suspensions for 30 d, were then sacrificed. Histopathological and ultrastructural change in lungs, and chemical components in the urine excretions were investigated by light microscope, TEM and EDS. MDA, NO and hydroxyproline (Hyp) in lung homogenates were quantified by spectrophotometry. Contents of TNF-α, TGF-β1, IL-1β, and MMP-2 in lung tissue were determined by immunohistochemistry staining.
RESULTSThere is massive excretion of Si substance in urine. The SNs lead pulmonary lesions of rise in lung/body coefficients, lung inflammation, damaged alveoli, granuloma nodules formation, and collagen metabolized perturbation, and lung tissue damage is milder than those of microscale SiO2 particles. The SNs also cause increase lipid peroxidation and high expression of cytokines.
CONCLUSIONThe SNs result into pulmonary fibrosis by means of increase lipid peroxidation and high expression of cytokines. Milder effect of the SNs on pulmonary fibrosis comparing to microscale SiO2 particles is contributed to its elimination from urine due to their ultrafine particle size.