OBJECTIVETo investigate the histogenesis, clinicopathologic characteristics, pathologic diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of basal cell carcinoma of the Prostate (BCCP).

METHODSWe conducted clinicopathologic analysis on the manifestations of 5 cases of BCCP by HE staining and immunohistochemistry and reviewed relevant literature.

RESULTSMicroscopically, the tumor cells were small in volume with ovoid karyomegaly and mitosis, some arranged like a solid nest or with a cribriform appearance. The tumors displayed an invasive growth, with positive expressions of 34betaE12, P63 and Cytokeratin 14, and negative expressions of PSA and P504s. No recurrence and metastasis were found in these patients during over 12 months of follow-up after surgery.

CONCLUSIONBCCP is a rare neoplasm different from prostate adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemistry is indispensable in distinguishing this tumor from other types of prostatic carcinoma. Its biological behavior remains to be further studied. The best treatment option may be radical surgery combined with chemo-radiotherapy at the present time.