Sub-anesthesia Dose of Isoflurane in 60% Oxygen Reduces Inflammatory Responses in Experimental Sepsis Models.

Yi Huang; Xiao-xia Wang; Dong-dong Sun; Ze-xin Zhang; Wan-wan Yang; Tian Shao; Han Han; Er-fei Zhang; Zhong-shu PU; Zuo-xu Hou; Hai-long Dong; Li-ze Xiong; Li-chao Hou

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Sub-anesthesia Dose of Isoflurane in 60% Oxygen Reduces Inflammatory Responses in Experimental Sepsis Models.

Author: Yi HUANG ¹ ; Xiao-Xia WANG ² ; Dong-Dong SUN ³ ; Ze-Xin ZHANG ¹ ; Wan-Wan YANG ¹ ; Tian SHAO ¹ ; Han HAN ¹ ; Er-Fei ZHANG ¹ ; Zhong-Shu PU ⁴ ; Zuo-Xu HOU ⁵ ; Hai-Long DONG ¹ ; Li-Ze XIONG ¹ ; Li-Chao HOU ¹
Author Information

1. Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
2. Department of Anesthesiology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
3. Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
4. Department of Epidemiology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
5. Department of Aerospace Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
Publication Type:Journal Article
MeSH: Adult; Anesthesia; methods; Animals; Blotting, Western; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Humans; Inflammation; drug therapy; Isoflurane; therapeutic use; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; metabolism; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; metabolism; Lipopolysaccharides; pharmacology; Lung Injury; drug therapy; immunology; metabolism; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; NF-kappa B; metabolism; Oxygen; therapeutic use; Peroxidase; metabolism; RAW 264.7 Cells; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sepsis; drug therapy; immunology; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; metabolism
From: Chinese Medical Journal 2017;130(7):840-853
CountryChina
Language:English
Abstract:
BACKGROUNDSepsis is a major cause of mortality in Intensive Care Units. Anesthetic dose isoflurane and 100% oxygen were proved to be beneficial in sepsis; however, their application in septic patients is limited because long-term hyperoxia may induce oxygen toxicity and anesthetic dose isoflurane has potential adverse consequences. This study was scheduled to find the optimal combination of isoflurane and oxygen in protecting experimental sepsis and its mechanisms.
METHODSThe effects of combined therapy with isoflurane and oxygen on lung injury and sepsis were determined in animal models of sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) or intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or zymosan. Mouse RAW264.7 cells or human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were treated by LPS to probe mechanisms. The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling molecules were examined by Western blot and cellular immunohistochemistry.
RESULTSThe 0.5 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) isoflurane in 60% oxygen was the best combination of oxygen and isoflurane for reducing mortality in experimental sepsis induced by CLP, intraperitoneal injection of LPS, or zymosan. The 0.5 MAC isoflurane in 60% oxygen inhibited proinflammatory cytokines in peritoneal lavage fluids (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-β]: 149.3 vs. 229.7 pg/ml, interleukin [IL]-1β: 12.5 vs. 20.6 pg/ml, IL-6: 86.1 vs. 116.1 pg/ml, and high-mobility group protein 1 [HMGB1]: 323.7 vs. 449.3 ng/ml; all P< 0.05) and serum (TNF-β: 302.7 vs. 450.7 pg/ml, IL-1β: 51.7 vs. 96.7 pg/ml, IL-6: 390.4 vs. 722.5 pg/ml, and HMGB1: 592.2 vs. 985.4 ng/ml; all P< 0.05) in septic animals. In vitro experiments showed that the 0.5 MAC isoflurane in 60% oxygen reduced inflammatory responses in mouse RAW264.7 cells, after LPS stimulation (all P< 0.05). Suppressed activation of NF-κB pathway was also observed in mouse RAW264.7 macrophages and human PBMCs after LPS stimulation or plasma from septic patients. The 0.5 MAC isoflurane in 60% oxygen also prevented the increases of phospho-IKKβ/β, phospho-IκBβ, and phospho-p65 expressions in RAW264.7 macrophages after LPS stimulation (all P< 0.05).
CONCLUSIONCombined administration of a sedative dose of isoflurane with 60% oxygen improves survival of septic animals through reducing inflammatory responses.