The Survey of Cronobacter spp. (formerly Enterbacter sakazakii) in Infant and Follow-up Powdered Formula in China in 2012.

Xiao Yan Pei; Lin Yan; Jiang Hui Zhu; Ning LI; Yun Chang Guo; Ping FU; Hua Yun Jia; Xiu Li Zhang; Xiao Rong Yang; Da Jin Yang

Return

The Survey of Cronobacter spp. (formerly Enterbacter sakazakii) in Infant and Follow-up Powdered Formula in China in 2012.

Author: Xiao Yan PEI ¹ ; Lin YAN ¹ ; Jiang Hui ZHU ¹ ; Ning LI ¹ ; Yun Chang GUO ¹ ; Ping FU ¹ ; Hua Yun JIA ² ; Xiu Li ZHANG ³ ; Xiao Rong YANG ⁴ ; Da Jin YANG ¹
Author Information

1. China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100022, China.
2. Hunan Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha 410000, Hunan, China.
3. Henan Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China.
4. Sichuan Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China.
Publication Type:Journal Article
Keywords: Contamination; Cronobacter spp.; PFGE; Powdered formula
MeSH: China; Cronobacter; isolation & purification; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; Infant Formula; microbiology
From: Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2016;29(2):99-106
CountryChina
Language:English
Abstract:
OBJECTIVETo determine Cronobacter spp. contamination in infant and follow-up powdered formula in China.
METHODSAll of 2282 samples were collected from the retail markets in China from January 2012 to December 2012, and analyzed for Cronobacter spp. by the Chinese National Food Safety Standard. Characterization of the isolates was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) with XbaI and SpeI restriction enzymes.
RESULTSCronobacter spp. strains were isolated from 25 samples, and the positive rates in infant powdered formulas and follow-up powdered formulas were 0.90% (10/1011) and 1.18% (15/1271), respectively. Analysis of variable data regarding different purchasing store formats, seasonality, and production locations as well as comparison of infant versus follow-up formulas did not reveal statistically significant factors. During the sampling period, one of six surveillance zones did exhibit a statistically significant trend towards higher positive rate. PFGE characterization of Cronobacter spp. to elucidate genetic diversity revealed only three pairs of Cronobacter spp. out of 25 having the same PFGE patterns.
CONCLUSIONThe current investigation indicated a lower positive rate of Cronobacter spp. in the powdered formula in China. This evidence suggested contamination originating from multiple different sources during the manufacturing process.