Management of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis in children.
- Author:
Jian-Min ZHONG
1
Author Information
1. Department of Pediatric Neurology, Jiangxi Children's Hospital, Nanchang 330006, China. zhongjm@163.com.
- Publication Type:Journal Article
- MeSH:
Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis;
therapy;
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived;
therapeutic use;
Child;
Humans;
Immunoglobulins, Intravenous;
therapeutic use;
Immunosuppressive Agents;
therapeutic use;
Immunotherapy;
Plasmapheresis;
Prognosis;
Rituximab
- From:
Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
2014;16(6):584-588
- CountryChina
- Language:Chinese
-
Abstract:
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is a new category of severe, potentially treatable autoimmune encephalitis and can appear in patients of all ages, but more frequently in children. It is a highly characteristic syndrome evolving in five stages: the prodromal phase (viral infection-like symptoms), psychotic phase, unresponsive phase, hyperkinetic phase, and gradual recovery phase. The treatment for this disorder includes first-line immunotherapy (steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin, plasmapheresis), second-line immunotherapy (rituximab, cyclophosphamide), and tumor removal. Hereby the progresses, selections and shortcomings of the treatment protocols for this disease are introduced.
