OBJECTIVETo evaluate the in-hospital outcome and determinants relating to success rate of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for patients with chronic total occlusion (CTO) using contemporary techniques.

METHODSA total of 1485 patients with total occluded coronary artery were identified from January 2004 to December 2008 in Zhongshan hospital. Of them, 638 patients were affirmed as CTO and 447 patients underwent PCI. The clinical data and the in-hospital outcome of patients underwent PCI were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSProcedure success was achieved in 382 patients (85.5%). Coronary perforation (C-F type dissection or coronary perforation) occurred in 27 patients (6.0%), cardiac tamponade developed in 6 out of the 27 patients, 2 patients (0.4%) received in-hospital repeat revascularization. Two patients (0.4%) died post PCI: one died of acute stent thrombosis and the other one died of refractory heart and respiratory failure.Compared with patients of successful recanalization, patients failure to recanalization were more aged [(62.9 ± 10.4)years vs. (65.9 ± 9.9) years, P < 0.05] and excessive tortuosity (16.2% vs. 38.5%, P < 0.01), absence stump (47.1% vs. 80.0%, P < 0.01) and excessive calcification (36.9% vs. 72.3%, P < 0.01) were more common. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that excessive calcification (OR: 3.866, P < 0.01), absence stump (OR: 3.346, P < 0.05) and excessive tortuosity (OR: 3.055, P < 0.01) were independent predictors for the procedural failure.

CONCLUSIONSPCI for patients with CTO is safe and effective. Apart from progress on the equipment development, procedural success rates are closely related with the clinical and angiographic features of CTO.