Effects of sleep deprivation on polysomnography and executive function in patients with depression.

Yingzhi LU; Qingtao Ren; Li Zong; Yingli WU; Qinfeng Zhang; Xiuqing MA; Jinyu PU; Hanzhen Dong; Qingqing Liu; Yunxiang Tang; Lisheng Song; Xingshi Chen; Xiao Pan; Yi Cui

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Effects of sleep deprivation on polysomnography and executive function in patients with depression.

Author: Yingzhi LU ¹ ; Qingtao REN ² ; Li ZONG ³ ; Yingli WU ¹ ; Qinfeng ZHANG ¹ ; Xiuqing MA ¹ ; Jinyu PU ¹ ; Hanzhen DONG ¹ ; Qingqing LIU ¹ ; Yunxiang TANG ⁴ ; Lisheng SONG ⁵ ; Xingshi CHEN ⁵ ; Xiao PAN ⁴ ; Yi CUI ⁴
Author Information

1. Department of Psychiatry, Zibo Mental Health Center, Zibo, Shandong 255100, China.
2. Department of Psychiatry, Zibo Mental Health Center, Zibo, Shandong 255100, China. Email: rqt1965@126.com.
3. Zibo Occupational Disease Hospital of Prevention and Treatment, Zibo, Shandong 255067, China.
4. Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
5. Department of Electrophysiology, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
Publication Type:Journal Article
MeSH: Adult; Depression; physiopathology; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Polysomnography; methods; Sleep Deprivation; physiopathology
From: Chinese Medical Journal 2014;127(18):3229-3232
CountryChina
Language:English
Abstract:
BACKGROUNDSleep deprivation (SD) has been used in treatment of depression disorder, and could effectively improve the patients' depressive symptoms.The aim of the study was to explore the effects of SD on electroencephalographic (EEG) and executive function changes in patients with depression.
METHODSEighteen depression patients (DPs) and 21 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in the present study. The whole night polysomnography (PSG) was recorded by Neurofax-1518K (Nihon Kohden, Japan) system before and after 36 hours of SD. The level of subjects' depression state was assessed by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and the executive function was assessed by Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST).
RESULTSSignificantly decreased sleep latency (SL; before SD: (31.8 ± 11.1) minutes, after SD: (8.8 ± 5.2) minutes, P < 0.01) and REM sleep latency (RL; before SD: (79.8 ± 13.5) minutes, after SD: (62.9 ± 10.2) minutes, P < 0.01) were found after SD PSG in depression patients. Decreased Stage 1 (S1; before SD: (11.7 ± 2.9)%, after SD: (7.3 ± 1.1)%, P < 0.01) and Stage 2 (S2, before SD: (53.8 ± 15.5)%, after SD: (42.3 ± 14.7)%, P < 0.05) of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, and increased Stage 3 (S3, before SD: (11.8 ± 5.5)%, after SD: (23.6 ± 5.8)%, P < 0.01) and Stage 4 (S4, before SD: (8.8 ± 3.3)%, after SD: (27.4 ± 4.8)%, P < 0.01) NREM sleep were also found. After SD, the depression level in patients decreased from 6.7 ± 2.1 to 2.9 ± 0.7 (P < 0.01). In WCST, the patients showed significantly decreased Response errors (Re, before SD: 22.3 ± 2.4, after SD: 18.3 ± 2.7, P < 0.01) and Response preservative errors (Rpe, before SD: 11.6 ± 3.6, after SD: 9.3 ± 2.9, P < 0.05). Depression patients' RE (t = 2.17, P < 0.05) and Rpe (t = 2.96, P < 0.01) also decreased significantly compared to healthy controls.
CONCLUSIONSD can improve depression symptom and executive function in depression patients.