Target-controlled infusion of remifentanil for conscious sedation during spinal anesthesia.
10.4097/kjae.2011.61.3.195
- Author:
Sung Hye BYUN
1
;
Doo Youn HWANG
;
Seong Wook HONG
;
Si Oh KIM
Author Information
1. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea. hsuaa@naver.com
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Conscious sedation;
Remifentanil;
Spinal anesthesia;
Target controlled Infusion
- MeSH:
Anesthesia, Spinal;
Anti-Anxiety Agents;
Anxiety;
Bupivacaine;
Conscious Sedation;
Humans;
Incidence;
Nausea;
Piperidines;
Respiratory Insufficiency;
Surgical Procedures, Operative;
Vital Signs;
Vomiting
- From:Korean Journal of Anesthesiology
2011;61(3):195-200
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to define the optimal target concentration of remifentanil which effectively achieves conscious sedation without significant vital sign changes and side effects during spinal anesthesia. METHODS: Sixty patients underwent spinal anesthesia with 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine (8-16 mg), and were infused with a target controlled infusion (TCI) of remifentanil at 1.0 ng/ml (group R10, n = 15), 2.0 ng/ml (group R20, n = 15), 3.0 ng/ml (group R30, n = 15), and 3.5 ng/ml (group R35, n = 15). Observer's assessment of alertness/sedation (OAA/S) scale, the bispectral index (BIS), anxiety levels and infusion rate of remifentanil were monitored during the operation. RESULTS: OAA/S scale was significantly lower in groups R30 (3.96) and R35 (3.34) than groups R10 (4.31) and R20 (4.26). Incidence of intraoperative respiratory depression events, post operative nausea and vomiting were significantly higher in group R35 than the other groups. There were no significant differences in BIS, anxiety level and incidences of recall of the operative procedure among the groups. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the TCI of remifentanil at 3.0 ng/ml produces an effective sedation and anti-anxiety effects without significant side effects during spinal anesthesia.
