From Woohwang Cheongsimwon (牛黃淸心元) to Ginseng (人蔘): The History of Medicine Use in the Joseon Era.
10.13081/kjmh.2017.26.147
- Author:
Seong su KIM
1
Author Information
1. Seoul National University, Seoul, KOREA. imsskim@snu.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Cheongsimwon;
Ginseng;
Self-cultivation;
Restorative Herb Medicine
- MeSH:
Acupuncture;
History of Medicine*;
Human Body;
Medicine, East Asian Traditional;
Medicine, Korean Traditional;
Methods;
Moxibustion;
Panax*
- From:Korean Journal of Medical History
2017;26(2):147-180
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
In Korean traditional medicine, though herbal decoction, acupuncture, and moxibustion are all used to treat diseases, restorative medicines are the most widely preferred treatment method. This paper explores the historical background of restorative herbal medicines and ginseng among the Korean public and Korean traditional medicine practice. It also seeks to clarify how social and cultural perspectives on drug use have changed since restorative medicine became mainstream during the Joseon era. Drug use tendencies were affected by the medical system of the Joseon Dynasty, patients' desires for reliable treatment, and perceptions of the human body and the causes of disease. In the late Joseon Dynasty, medicine, an industry originally monopolized by the government, began to be manufactured and traded on the free market, and medical personnel began to participate in medical activities on a large scale. As the healthpreserving theory became more popular and medical personnel became more accessible, medicinal preferences also changed. Specifically, whereas preference was first given to common medicines, such as Cheongsimwon, which are effective for various symptoms, restorative medicines, such as ginseng, gradually became more popular. These restorative medicines were faithful to the basic tenet of East Asian traditional medicine: to avoid disease by making the body healthy before the onset of illness. Patients' desires for safe treatment and growing competition among commercial doctors who wanted stable profits further increased the popularity of milder medicines. Ultimately, as ginseng cultivation was realized, its use expanded even further in a wave of commercialization.