A Wide Spectrum of Axial Mesodermal Dysplasia Complex With Rhombencephalic Anomaly: A Case Report.
10.5535/arm.2016.40.1.162
- Author:
Kang Won KIM
1
;
Jeoung Hwan SEO
;
Myoung Hwan KO
;
Yu Hui WON
;
Sung Hee PARK
Author Information
1. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea. shpark0130@chonbuk.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Case Report
- Keywords:
Axial mesodermal dysplasia spectrum;
Medulla oblongata;
Rhombencephalon
- MeSH:
Central Nervous System;
Child, Preschool;
Congenital Abnormalities;
Cranial Nerves;
Facial Nerve;
Goldenhar Syndrome;
Hand;
Humans;
Klippel-Feil Syndrome;
Male;
Medulla Oblongata;
Mesoderm*;
Neurologic Examination;
Paralysis;
Poland Syndrome;
Rhombencephalon;
Ribs
- From:Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine
2016;40(1):162-167
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Axial mesodermal dysplasia complex (AMDC) arises in variable combinations of craniocaudal anomalies such as musculoskeletal deformities, neuroschisis, or rhombencephalic developmental disorders. To the best of our knowledge, the co-existence of AMDC with associated musculoskeletal anomalies, medullary neuroschisis with mirror movements, and cranial nerve anomalies has not yet been reported. Here, we report the case of a 4-year-old boy whose clinical features were suggestive of Goldenhar syndrome and Poland syndrome with Sprengel deformity. Moreover, he showed mirror movements in his hands suspected of rhombencephalic malformation, and infranuclear-type facial nerve palsy of the left side of his face, the opposite side to the facial anomalies of Goldenhar syndrome. After conducting radiological studies, he was diagnosed with medullary neuroschisis without pontine malformations and Klippel-Feil syndrome with rib anomalies. Based on these findings, we propose that clinical AMDC can be accompanied by a wide variety of musculoskeletal defects and variable degrees of central nervous system malformations. Therefore, in addition to detailed physical and neurological examinations, imaging studies should be considered in AMDC.
