Calcium homeostasis in diabetes mellitus.
10.4142/jvs.2017.18.3.261
- Author:
Changhwan AHN
1
;
Ji Houn KANG
;
Eui Bae JEUNG
Author Information
1. Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea. ebjeung@chungbuk.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Review
- Keywords:
calcium;
calcium channels;
diabetes mellitus
- MeSH:
Calcium Channels;
Calcium*;
Diabetes Mellitus*;
Diabetic Ketoacidosis;
Homeostasis*;
Humans;
Incidence;
Insulin Resistance;
Magnesium;
Pandemics;
Potassium;
Vitamin D
- From:Journal of Veterinary Science
2017;18(3):261-266
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is becoming a lifestyle-related pandemic disease. Diabetic patients frequently develop electrolyte disorders, especially diabetic ketoacidosis or nonketotic hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome. Such patients show characteristic potassium, magnesium, phosphate, and calcium depletion. In this review, we discuss a homeostatic mechanism that links calcium and DM. We also provide a synthesis of the evidence in favor or against this linking mechanism by presenting recent clinical indications, mainly from veterinary research. There are consistent results supporting the use of calcium and vitamin D supplementation to reduce the risk of DM. Clinical trials support a marginal reduction in circulating lipids, and some meta-analyses support an increase in insulin sensitivity, following vitamin D supplementation. This review provides an overview of the calcium and vitamin D disturbances occurring in DM and describes the underlying mechanisms. Such elucidation will help indicate potential pathophysiology-based precautionary and therapeutic approaches and contribute to lowering the incidence of DM.
