Differentiation and characteristics of undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells originating from adult premolar periodontal ligaments.
10.4041/kjod.2012.42.6.307
- Author:
Seong Sik KIM
1
;
Dae Woo KWON
;
Insook IM
;
Yong Deok KIM
;
Dae Seok HWANG
;
L Shannon HOLLIDAY
;
Richard E DONATELLI
;
Woo Sung SON
;
Eun Sook JUN
Author Information
1. Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea. softid@pusan.ac.kr
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Histochemistry;
Periodontics;
Bone biology
- MeSH:
Adipocytes;
Adult;
Antibodies;
Azo Compounds;
Bicuspid;
Calcium;
Cartilage;
Chondrocytes;
Collagen Type II;
Durapatite;
Fibroblasts;
Humans;
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells;
Multipotent Stem Cells;
Osteoblasts;
Periodontal Ligament;
Periodontics;
Stem Cells;
Tissue Engineering;
Tooth
- From:The Korean Journal of Orthodontics
2012;42(6):307-317
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the isolation and characterization of multipotent human periodontal ligament (PDL) stem cells and to assess their ability to differentiate into bone, cartilage, and adipose tissue. METHODS: PDL stem cells were isolated from 7 extracted human premolar teeth. Human PDL cells were expanded in culture, stained using anti-CD29, -CD34, -CD44, and -STRO-1 antibodies, and sorted by fluorescent activated cell sorting (FACS). Gingival fibroblasts (GFs) served as a positive control. PDL stem cells and GFs were cultured using standard conditions conducive for osteogenic, chondrogenic, or adipogenic differentiation. RESULTS: An average of 152.8 +/- 27.6 colony-forming units was present at day 7 in cultures of PDL stem cells. At day 4, PDL stem cells exhibited a significant increase in proliferation (p < 0.05), reaching nearly double the proliferation rate of GFs. About 5.6 +/- 4.5% of cells in human PDL tissues were strongly STRO-1-positive. In osteogenic cultures, calcium nodules were observed by day 21 in PDL stem cells, which showed more intense calcium staining than GF cultures. In adipogenic cultures, both cell populations showed positive Oil Red O staining by day 21. Additionally, in chondrogenic cultures, PDL stem cells expressed collagen type II by day 21. CONCLUSIONS: The PDL contains multipotent stem cells that have the potential to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. This adult PDL stem cell population can be utilized as potential sources of PDL in tissue engineering applications.
