The Effect of the Addition of Fentanyl and Midazolam to Lidocaine in a Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block.
10.4097/kjae.2008.54.2.167
- Author:
Min Soo KIM
1
;
Bum Sang HWANG
;
Byeong Mun HWANG
;
Seong Sik KANG
;
Hee Jeong SON
;
Il Young CHEONG
;
Hye Jean LEE
Author Information
1. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kangwon National University Medical School, Chuncheon, Korea. arim14@naver.com
- Publication Type:Original Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
- Keywords:
fentanyl;
lidocaine;
midazolam;
supraclavicular brachial plexus block
- MeSH:
Adult;
Analgesia;
Brachial Plexus;
Fentanyl;
Hemodynamics;
Humans;
Incidence;
Lidocaine;
Midazolam;
Prospective Studies;
Upper Extremity
- From:Korean Journal of Anesthesiology
2008;54(2):167-172
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:Korean
-
Abstract:
BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of fentanyl and midazolam when used as adjuvant in a supraclavicular brachial plexus block. METHODS: 100 adult patients with an ASA status of I-II that were scheduled to undergo upper extremity surgery performed under a supraclavicular brachial plexus block were prospectively evaluated in this study.The patients were randomly divided into 4 study groups:Group 1, which received 40 ml of 1.5% lidocaine, Group 2, which received 3 mg of midazolam with 40 ml of 1.5% lidocaine, Group 3, which received 100microgram of fentanyl with 40 ml of 1.5% lidocaine, and Group 4, which received 3 mg of midazolam and 100microgram of fentanyl with 40 ml of 1.5% lidocaine.The onset time, as well as the duration of analgesia and motor blocks, proportion of successful blocks, hemodynamic parameters, and adverse events were then noted. RESULTS: The incidence of successful block was higher in group 4 (92%) than in any other groups (68-72%) (P = 0.185). In addition, the mean duration of analgesia was longer in groups 2 and 4 (165 min and 175 min) than in groups 1 and 3 (114 min and 131 min) (P < 0.05).Furthermore, the mean duration of motor block was longer in groups 2 and 4 (169 min and 180 min) than in groups 1 and 3 (123 min and 126 min) (P < 0.05).No significant difference was observed in the onset time of the sensory block and motor block when the groups were compared. CONCLUSIONS: Although the addition of 3 mg of midazolam and 100microgram of fentanyl to lidocaine in a supraclavicular brachial plexus block does not affect the onset of sensory or motor block, it does prolong the duration of analgesia and motor block.
