Low-Grade Inflammation, Metabolic Syndrome and the Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease: the 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
10.3346/jkms.2012.27.6.630
- Author:
Hee Taik KANG
1
;
Jong Koo KIM
;
Jae Yong SHIM
;
Hye Ree LEE
;
John A LINTON
;
Yong Jae LEE
Author Information
1. Department of Family Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ukyjhome@yuhs.ac
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Kidney Failure, Chronic;
Inflammation;
Metabolic Syndrome;
Leukocytes
- MeSH:
Adult;
Cross-Sectional Studies;
Female;
Glomerular Filtration Rate;
Humans;
Inflammation/complications/*diagnosis;
Kidney Failure, Chronic/*epidemiology/etiology;
Leukocyte Count;
Male;
Metabolic Syndrome X/complications/*diagnosis;
Middle Aged;
Nutrition Surveys;
Odds Ratio;
Prevalence;
Republic of Korea/epidemiology;
Risk Factors;
Severity of Illness Index
- From:Journal of Korean Medical Science
2012;27(6):630-635
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Either chronic inflammation or metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with renal impairment. This cross-sectional study was designed to investigate the relationship between elevated white blood cell (WBC) counts and chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3 or more according to the presence of MetS in adult Koreans. In total, 5,291 subjects (> or = 20 yr-old) participating in the 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination were included. CKD stage 3 or more was defined as having an estimated glomerular filtration rate below 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, as calculated using the formula from the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease study. The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for CKD stage 3 or more in the highest WBC quartile (> or = 7,200 cells/microL) was 1.70 (1.17-2.39) after adjusting for MetS and other covariates, compared with the lowest WBC quartile (< 5,100 cells/microL). In subjects with MetS, the prevalence risk for CKD stage 3 or more in the highest WBC quartile was 2.25 (1.28-3.95) even after fully adjusting for confounding variables. In contrast, this positive association between WBC quartile and CKD stage 3 or more disappeared in subjects without MetS. Low-grade inflammation is significantly associated with CKD stage 3 or more in subjects with MetS but not in those without MetS.
