Carbohydrate Intake Exhibited a Positive Association with the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Both Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaires and 24-Hour Recall in Women.
10.3346/jkms.2017.32.9.1474
- Author:
Jaeouk AHN
1
;
Nam Soo KIM
;
Byung Kook LEE
;
Sunmin PARK
Author Information
1. Department of Medical IT Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Korea.
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
24-hour Recall;
Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaires;
Metabolic Syndrome;
Fat Intake;
Carbohydrate Intake
- MeSH:
Adult;
Diet;
Eating;
Energy Intake;
Female;
Humans;
Iron;
Korea;
Nutrition Surveys;
Odds Ratio;
Prevalence;
Vegetables;
Vitamin A
- From:Journal of Korean Medical Science
2017;32(9):1474-1483
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
We compared the usual nutrient intake in both the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ) and 24-hour recall methods and determined the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk and nutrient intake calculated by both methods in Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES; 2012–2014) data. Adjusted odds ratios for MetS were calculated according to the intake of macronutrients, measured by the 2 methods in 10,286 adults, while controlling for covariates associated with MetS. Fat and carbohydrate intake (energy percent) calculated by 24-hour recall and SQFFQ was significantly different between the MetS and non-MetS groups, particularly in women. The differences in other nutrient intakes determined by both methods were mainly non-significant. The correlation coefficients between the 2 methods were about 0.4 for most nutrients except total vitamin A and iron (Fe). Energy intake according to gender and MetS presence was similar between the 2 methods. Carbohydrate intake exhibited a positive association with the MetS risk, while fat intake showed a negative association in both methods. The association exhibited a gender interaction with carbohydrate and fat intake calculated by 24-hour recall: women exhibited a significant association. However, for the SQFFQ a gender interaction was evident only for carbohydrate intake. In diet quality index of SQFFQ the adequacy of vegetables and total fat intake was higher in the non-MetS than the MetS. In conclusion, the MetS prevalence exhibited a positive association with carbohydrate intake only in women, as assessed by 24-hour recall and SQFFQ. The SQFFQ can be used to assess the association between usual food intake and MetS risk in large population studies.
