Elucidation of Bacterial Pneumonia-Causing Pathogens in Patients with Respiratory Viral Infection.
- Author:
Hwa Sik JUNG
1
;
Byung Ju KANG
;
Seung Won RA
;
Kwang Won SEO
;
Yangjin JEGAL
;
Jae Bum JUN
;
Jiwon JUNG
;
Joseph JEONG
;
Hee Jeong JEON
;
Jae Sung AHN
;
Taehoon LEE
;
Jong Joon AHN
Author Information
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords: Viruses; Influenza; Pneumonia
- MeSH: Ambulatory Care Facilities; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Coronavirus; Emergency Service, Hospital; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Humans; Influenza, Human; Medical Records; Metapneumovirus; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Orthomyxoviridae; Paramyxoviridae Infections; Pneumonia; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Pneumonia, Staphylococcal; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections; Retrospective Studies; Rhinovirus; Ulsan
- From:Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2017;80(4):358-367
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
- Abstract: BACKGROUND: Bacterial pneumonia occurring after respiratory viral infection is common. However, the predominant bacterial species causing pneumonia secondary to respiratory viral infections other than influenza remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to know whether the pathogens causing post-viral bacterial pneumonia vary according to the type of respiratory virus. METHODS: Study subjects were 5,298 patients, who underwent multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction for simultaneous detection of respiratory viruses, among who visited the emergency department or outpatient clinic with respiratory symptoms at Ulsan University Hospital between April 2013 and March 2016. The patients' medical records were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: A total of 251 clinically significant bacteria were identified in 233 patients with post-viral bacterial pneumonia. Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the most frequent bacterium in patients aged <16 years, regardless of the preceding virus type (p=0.630). In patients aged ≥16 years, the isolated bacteria varied according to the preceding virus type. The major results were as follows (p<0.001): pneumonia in patients with influenza virus (type A/B), rhinovirus, and human metapneumovirus infections was caused by similar bacteria, and the findings indicated that Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia was very common in these patients. In contrast, coronavirus, parainfluenza virus, and respiratory syncytial virus infections were associated with pneumonia caused by gram-negative bacteria. CONCLUSION: The pathogens causing post-viral bacterial pneumonia vary according to the type of preceding respiratory virus. This information could help in selecting empirical antibiotics in patients with post-viral pneumonia.
