Small Increases in Plasma Sodium Are Associated with Higher Risk of Mortality in a Healthy Population.
10.3346/jkms.2013.28.7.1034
- Author:
Se Won OH
1
;
Seon Ha BAEK
;
Jung Nam AN
;
Ho Suk GOO
;
Sejoong KIM
;
Ki Young NA
;
Dong Wan CHAE
;
Suhnggwon KIM
;
Ho Jun CHIN
Author Information
1. Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords:
Age;
Blood Pressure;
Mortality;
Plasma Sodium;
Sex Characteristics
- MeSH:
Adult;
Blood Pressure/*physiology;
Cardiovascular Diseases/blood/*mortality;
Female;
Humans;
Hypertension/*physiopathology;
Incidence;
Male;
Metabolic Syndrome X/blood;
Middle Aged;
Risk;
Risk Factors;
Sex Factors;
Sodium/*blood
- From:Journal of Korean Medical Science
2013;28(7):1034-1040
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
Elevated blood pressure (BP) is the most common cause of cardiovascular disease. Salt intake has a strong influence on BP, and plasma sodium (pNa) is increased with progressive increases in salt intake. However, the associations with pNa and BP had been reported inconsistently. We evaluated the association between pNa and BP, and estimated the risks of all-cause-mortality according to pNa levels. On the basis of data collected from health checkups during 1995-2009, 97,009 adult subjects were included. Positive correlations between pNa and systolic BP, diastolic BP, and pulse pressure (PP) were noted in participants with pNa > or =138 mM/L (P<0.001). In participants aged > or =50 yr, SBP, DBP, and PP were positively associated with pNa. In participants with metabolic syndrome components, the differences in SBP and DBP according to pNa were greater (P<0.001). A cumulative incidence of mortality was increased with increasing pNa in women aged > or =50 yr during the median 4.2-yr-follow-up (P<0.001). In women, unadjusted risks for mortality were increased according to sodium levels. After adjustment, pNa > or =145 mM/L was related to mortality. The positive correlation between pNa and BP is stronger in older subjects, women, and subjects with metabolic syndrome components. The incidence and adjusted risks of mortality increase with increasing pNa in women aged > or =50 yr.
