Clinical Characteristics and Independent Factors Related to Long-Term Outcomes in Patients with Left Isomerism.
- Author:
Sun Hyang LEE
1
;
Bo Sang KWON
;
Gi Beom KIM
;
Eun Jung BAE
;
Chung Il NOH
;
Hong Gook LIM
;
Woong Han KIM
;
Jeong Ryul LEE
;
Yong Jin KIM
Author Information
- Publication Type:Original Article
- Keywords: Heterotaxy syndrome; Left atrial isomerism; Arteriovenous fistula; Cardiac dysrhythmia
- MeSH: Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Arteriovenous Fistula; Biliary Atresia; Follow-Up Studies; Heart; Heart Diseases; Heterotaxy Syndrome; Humans; Isomerism*; Medical Records; Mortality; Prognosis; Survival Rate
- From:Korean Circulation Journal 2017;47(4):501-508
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
- Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: We studied the results of patient management for left isomerism (LI) and sought to determine factors that may influence survival and prognosis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 76 patients who were compatible with LI criteria between 1982 and 2014. RESULTS: Of the total study population, 29 patients (38.1%) had functional univentricular heart disease, 43 patients (56.5%) had cardiac anomalies suitable for biventricular hearts, and four patients (5.2%) had normal heart structure. Extracardiac anomalies were noted in 38.1% of the study population, including biliary atresia in 7.8% of all patients. Of the 25 patients who underwent Kawashima procedures, 24.0% developed pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas (PAVFs). During the median follow-up period of 11.4 years (range: 1 day to 32 years), 14 patients died. The 10-year, 20-year, and 30-year survival rates were 87%, 84%, and 76%, respectively. Preoperative dysrhythmia and uncorrected atrioventricular valve regurgitation were significantly associated with late death. There was no significant difference in the number of surgical procedures and in survival expectancy between patients in the functional single-ventricle group and in the biventricular group. However, late mortality was higher in functional single-ventricle patients after 18 years of age. CONCLUSION: Patients with LI need to be carefully followed, not only for late cardiovascular problems such as dysrhythmia, valve regurgitation, and the development of PAVFs, but also for noncardiac systemic manifestations.
