Effect of aldosterone on the amplification of oncolytic vaccinia virus in human cancer lines.
10.3350/kjhep.2011.17.3.213
- Author:
Hyun Ju LEE
1
;
Jasung RHO
;
Shao Ran GUI
;
Mi Kyung KIM
;
Yu Kyoung LEE
;
Yeon Sook LEE
;
Jeong Eun KIM
;
Euna CHO
;
Mong CHO
;
Tae Ho HWANG
Author Information
1. Department of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Busan, Korea.
- Publication Type:Original Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Keywords:
Aldosterone;
Vaccinia virus;
Mineralocorticoid receptor;
pH;
Virus entry
- MeSH:
Aldosterone/*pharmacology;
Aldosterone Antagonists/pharmacology;
Amiloride/analogs & derivatives/pharmacology;
Animals;
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/blood/virology;
Cell Line, Tumor;
Humans;
Hydrocortisone/blood;
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration;
Liver Neoplasms/blood/virology;
Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology;
Oncolytic Virotherapy;
Rabbits;
Spironolactone/pharmacology;
Vaccinia virus/*drug effects/genetics/metabolism/*physiology;
Virus Replication/*drug effects
- From:The Korean Journal of Hepatology
2011;17(3):213-219
- CountryRepublic of Korea
- Language:English
-
Abstract:
BACKGROUND/AIMS: JX-594 is an oncolytic virus derived from the Wyeth vaccinia strain that causes replication-dependent cytolysis and antitumor immunity. Starting with a cross-examination of clinical-trial samples from advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients having high levels of aldosterone and virus amplification in JX-594 treatment, we investigated the association between virus amplification and aldosterone in human cancer cell lines. METHODS: Cell proliferation was determined by a cell-counting-kit-based colorimetric assay, and vaccinia virus quantitation was performed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and a viral plaque assay. Also, the intracellular pH was measured using a pH-sensitive dye. RESULTS: Simultaneous treatment with JX-594 and aldosterone significantly increased viral replication in A2780, PC-3, and HepG2 cell lines, but not in U2OS cell lines. Furthermore, the aldosterone treatment time altered the JX-594 replication according to the cell line. The JX-594 replication peaked after 48 and 24 hours of treatment in PC-3 and HepG2 cells, respectively. qPCR showed that JX-594 entry across the plasma membrane was increased, however, the changes are not significant by the treatment. This was inhibited by treatment with spironolactone (an aldosterone-receptor inhibitor). JX-594 entry was significantly decreased by treatment with EIPA [5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)amiloride; a Na+/H+-exchange inhibitor], but aldosterone significantly restored JX-594 entry even in the presence of EIPA. Intracellular alkalization was observed after aldosterone treatment but was acidified by EIPA treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Aldosterone stimulates JX-594 amplification via increased virus entry by affecting the H+ gradient.
